Genetic Variant Linked to Muscle Loss, Lipid Issues, and Mood in Older Adults

Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA Type-c (MOTS-c) is a mitochondrial-derived peptide involved in metabolic regulation, insulin sensitivity, and muscle homeostasis. A specific genetic variation, the K14Q polymorphism in the MOTS-c gene, has been hypothesized to alter its function. This study addresses the knowledge gap regarding the association of the MOTS-c K14Q polymorphism with sarcopenia, dyslipidemia, and mental health outcomes in an aging population.

The study found significant associations between the MOTS-c K14Q polymorphism and several health markers. Carriers of the K14Q variant allele showed a 2.3-fold higher prevalence of sarcopenia compared to non-carriers (p<0.01). Specifically, variant carriers had significantly lower appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) by an average of 1.8 kg (p=0.003) and reduced grip strength by 3.5 kg (p<0.001). Blood lipid profiles were also impacted, with K14Q carriers exhibiting 18% higher LDL cholesterol levels (p=0.007) and 12% lower HDL cholesterol levels (p=0.012). Mental health assessments revealed that individuals with the K14Q polymorphism had GDS scores that were, on average, 4.2 points higher (p<0.001), indicating a greater predisposition to depressive symptoms. The most striking finding was that the MOTS-c K14Q polymorphism was independently associated with a 43% increased risk of developing sarcopenia, dyslipidemia, and depressive symptoms concurrently (p<0.001).