Allogeneic Mitochondria and Organelle Complex Treatment Prevents Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Anti-Apoptotic Effects

Despite significant progress in acute coronary syndrome diagnosis and treatment, cardiovascular disease, particularly ischemic heart disease, remains the leading global cause of death. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has improved prognosis, but myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) significantly worsens outcomes. Current strategies like nicorandil or preconditioning offer limited efficacy, leaving MIRI a major clinical challenge. Mitochondria, vital for ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation, are also key regulators of cell death and survival, playing crucial roles in MIRI. During ischemia, oxygen and nutrient deprivation leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, damaging mitochondria and other cellular structures. This dysfunction exacerbates reperfusion injury, tissue damage, and inflammation, highlighting the need for novel mitochondrial-targeting therapies.