Semaglutide normalizes menstrual cycles and ovulation in 95% of overweight PMOS patients

Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS), previously known as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), is a common endocrine disorder characterized by irregular menses and chronic anovulation, often linked to insulin resistance and obesity. Current treatments for menstrual irregularities typically mask symptoms, which recur upon cessation. Given that weight reduction frequently improves menstrual cycles in these patients, GLP-1 agonists like semaglutide, known for their efficacy in obesity, present a promising therapeutic avenue to address the underlying metabolic dysfunction.

This 6-month prospective study enrolled 96 women diagnosed with PMOS and a BMI > 25 kg/m2. Participants received semaglutide via an individualized dose-escalation regimen. Researchers assessed key metabolic and reproductive parameters before and after treatment, including body weight, fasting glucose, insulin levels, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and ovulatory function. The study design was a single-arm intervention, with each patient serving as their own control for pre- vs. post-treatment comparisons.

After six months of semaglutide treatment, participants experienced a significant mean body weight decrease of -11.3% ± 5% (p < 0.01). Prior to treatment, 83% of PMOS patients presented with oligomenorrhea and anovulatory cycles. Post-treatment, ovulatory cycles were observed in 52.5% of these previously anovulatory women. The most pronounced improvements were seen in overweight patients:

Almost 95% of overweight PMOS patients achieved menstrual cycle normalization and ovulation. Even in patients with mild obesity, results were favorable. For those with moderate or severe obesity, 25% still achieved menstrual ovulatory cycle normalization, demonstrating broad, albeit varied, efficacy across different obesity classes.