Mesenchymal stromal cells show multifaceted therapeutic potential against *P. aeruginosa* burn wound infections

Severe burn injuries compromise the skin's protective barrier, leading to life-threatening complications, particularly bacterial infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a prevalent pathogen in these wounds, and its increasing antibiotic resistance, especially in hospital settings, poses a major therapeutic challenge. Current treatments, involving debridement, skin grafts, and antibiotics, often fall short against resistant strains. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are emerging as a promising alternative, offering not only regenerative capabilities but also potent immunomodulatory and antimicrobial effects to address this critical gap.

This comprehensive review synthesized findings from recent studies investigating Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the context of P. aeruginosa burn wound infections. Researchers analyzed diverse preclinical and clinical literature to elucidate MSCs' multifaceted roles, including their direct antimicrobial effects, biofilm inhibition, and immunomodulatory capabilities, alongside their regenerative potential. The review focused on studies detailing MSC mechanisms, such as the release of antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs), and their influence on immune cell activity and tissue repair pathways.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exhibit a broad spectrum of therapeutic properties against P. aeruginosa burn wound infections. They demonstrate direct antibacterial activity, primarily through the release of antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs) and by boosting the activity of immune cells like phagocytes. MSCs also possess significant antibiofilm properties, effectively disrupting P. aeruginosa biofilm formation and persistence, which is crucial for combating chronic infections. Furthermore, MSCs promote tissue regeneration by actively managing inflammation, encouraging the growth of new blood vessels (angiogenesis), and aiding tissue repair through the secretion of various signaling molecules, including growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. Their immunomodulatory effects help to balance the inflammatory response at the injury site, creating a more conducive environment for effective wound healing and infection clearance. This multifaceted action positions MSCs as a powerful tool against resistant pathogens.

MSCs combat P. aeruginosa infections through direct antibacterial effects, antibiofilm activity, and robust regenerative properties, offering a comprehensive approach to wound healing.