GLP-1 receptor agonists show emerging potential for fertility optimization, but patient-provider communication lags

The global rise in obesity has significantly impacted reproductive health, contributing to conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and infertility. Current weight loss strategies for fertility optimization, including diet and exercise, often yield limited success, leaving a critical gap in effective interventions. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are increasingly recognized for their potent effects on weight loss and metabolic improvement, making them a compelling area of investigation for women of reproductive age seeking fertility care. Understanding their role and patient perceptions is crucial for integrating these therapies into reproductive medicine.

This study combined a comprehensive narrative literature review on the emerging role of GLP-1 receptor agonists in reproductive medicine with an IRB approved anonymous investigational pilot survey. The survey was administered to women seeking fertility care at a single academic infertility clinic. It aimed to evaluate patient perceptions regarding weight, weight loss methods, and their awareness or use of GLP-1 medications. The integration of these two data sources sought to identify potential gaps between patient awareness and provider communication, while also highlighting the therapeutic potential of these compounds.

The narrative review synthesized emerging evidence suggesting that GLP-1 receptor agonists may offer unique advantages for fertility optimization, primarily through significant weight loss and metabolic improvement. Furthermore, the review explored potential direct reproductive effects of GLP-1RAs. The accompanying pilot survey revealed a striking disconnect between patient awareness and provider engagement: while a substantial 86% of patients were aware of GLP-1 medications, only 19.3% reported having substantive discussions about them with their healthcare providers. This communication gap is particularly notable given that 84.2% of these patients had actively attempted weight loss in the past year. > This integration of perspectives highlights significant gaps between patient awareness and provider communication regarding GLP-1 receptor agonists, despite their potential therapeutic benefits for obesity-related infertility.