Scoping review identifies three key self-care behaviors for Type 1 Diabetes patients using continuous insulin infusion systems

Effective management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is critical for preventing acute and chronic complications, requiring constant vigilance and self-management. Continuous Insulin Infusion Systems (CIIS), or insulin pumps, offer a more physiological insulin delivery method compared to multiple daily injections, improving glycemic control and quality of life. However, optimizing CIIS use heavily relies on robust patient self-care practices. Understanding the specific self-care behaviors and the factors influencing them is essential for healthcare professionals to tailor education and support, addressing gaps in current individualized treatment plans and empowering patients for better diabetes management.

This study conducted a scoping review following JBI and PRISMA guidelines to map available evidence on self-care among individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus using continuous insulin infusion systems. Researchers utilized ten databases and gray literature, employing the PCC (Population, Concept, Context) strategy for data collection. After removing duplicates, 18 articles were selected through individual and paired assessments. The extracted data underwent descriptive analysis and was presented using diagrams to synthesize findings on self-care behaviors and influencing factors.

An analysis of the 18 selected articles revealed three primary self-care behaviors among individuals using continuous insulin infusion systems: glycemic management, insulin bolus, and carbohydrate counting. These behaviors are crucial for maintaining optimal Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus control. The review also identified five key factors significantly influencing these self-care behaviors: Knowledge, Freedom/flexibility, Sensor use, Context, and Responsibility. These factors highlight the multifaceted nature of effective self-management. The findings underscore that a deep understanding of these behaviors and their determinants is vital for healthcare providers.

The studies indicate that in-depth knowledge of self-care enables professionals to make better decisions about individualized treatment plans and enables people using the Continuous Insulin Infusion System to seek actions and information related to daily care for proper diabetes management.