Millimeter-wave radar system feasibility to diagnose Narcolepsy Type 1 via non-contact sleep monitoring

Narcolepsy Type 1 (NT1) is a chronic central nervous system sleep disorder marked by excessive daytime sleepiness and often cataplexy or reduced cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 (Hcrt-1) levels. Current diagnostic gold standards, polysomnography (PSG) and the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT), are complex, time-consuming, and demand high patient compliance, limiting their scalability in primary care. A non-contact, convenient, and cost-effective diagnostic tool is urgently needed to overcome these limitations and improve accessibility.

This prospective, single-center, concurrent validation study plans to enroll 40 clinically diagnosed NT1 patients. Participants will undergo simultaneous PSG/MSLT and millimeter-wave radar sleep monitoring. The study will use PSG/MSLT as the gold standard to assess the consistency and accuracy of the radar system in identifying core parameters. These include mean sleep latency (MSL), sleep-onset rapid eye movement period (SOREMP) count, and sleep architecture. Data integrity and patient compliance with the radar system will also be evaluated over a 7-month duration (May to December 2026).