Semaglutide and Tirzepatide's Impact on Gastric Emptying and Satiation Compared Over 24 Weeks

Gastric motor functions, including gastric emptying, accommodation, and satiation, are critical regulators of nutrient absorption, postprandial glucose excursions, and overall satiety, playing a central role in metabolic diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes. Incretin hormones, specifically glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), are key physiological modulators of these functions. While GLP-1 receptor agonists are well-established for their ability to slow gastric emptying, thereby contributing to weight loss and glycemic control, the precise and comparative effects of dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists on the full spectrum of gastric motor functions remain an area of active investigation. Understanding these differential impacts is crucial for optimizing therapeutic strategies and predicting patient responses to these increasingly prevalent treatments. This study aims to fill a critical knowledge gap regarding how these potent incretin therapies distinctly influence gastric physiology.

This 24-week randomized, placebo-controlled trial investigated the effects of incretin therapies on gastric motor functions. Participants were administered either semaglutide 2.4mg weekly SQ, tirzepatide 10mg weekly SQ, or placebo. Primary endpoints included Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy (GES) for gastric emptying, and assessments of gastric accommodation and satiation. Measurements were conducted at baseline, 16 weeks, 24 weeks, 28 weeks, and 4 weeks post-medication cessation to evaluate acute, sustained, and withdrawal effects.

The provided abstract describes the study's purpose and methodology but does not include any specific results or findings. Therefore, no data on the effects of semaglutide or tirzepatide on gastric motor functions, accommodation, or satiation can be reported from this abstract.