Pre-meal whey protein isolate consumption investigated for metabolic effects in gestational diabetes mellitus

Approximately 15% of pregnancies are affected by Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), a condition characterized by glucose intolerance that typically resolves after delivery but increases risks for both mother and child. Current management focuses on diet, exercise, and sometimes insulin, but maintaining optimal glycemic control can be challenging. Post-meal glucose spikes are a key concern, contributing to adverse outcomes. Whey protein has shown promise in modulating postprandial glucose responses and enhancing satiety in other populations, making it a compelling nutritional intervention to explore in GDM for its potential to improve metabolic health without pharmacological intervention.

This randomized, placebo-controlled study will investigate the metabolic effects of pre-meal whey protein isolate (Lacprodan® ISO.Water) in women diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). Participants will consume the intervention or placebo from GDM diagnosis (around gestational week 28) until delivery. Primary endpoints include changes in substrate metabolism and energy expenditure, assessed via indirect calorimetry. The study will also monitor hunger and satiety, blood pressure, and gestational weight gain. Glucose responses will be analyzed using continuous glucose monitors after consuming the intervention 30 minutes before breakfast at diagnosis and week 36, with all meals provided for two days post-lab visits. Cord blood, neonatal outcomes, and breast milk composition will be assessed at delivery.