Liraglutide and Dapagliflozin's Acute Ketogenic Effects Investigated in Single-Dose Type 1 Diabetes Study

Patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) face a constant risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a life-threatening condition driven by excessive ketone body production in insulin-deficient states. While GLP-1 receptor agonists like liraglutide and SGLT2 inhibitors like dapagliflozin are effective in Type 2 Diabetes, their use in T1D is cautiously explored due to potential DKA risk, particularly with SGLT2 inhibitors. Understanding the acute impact of these agents on ketogenesis in an insulinopenic environment is crucial for safe integration into T1D management, addressing a significant knowledge gap.

This study employed a single-dose, placebo-controlled design to compare the acute effects of liraglutide 1.8mg and dapagliflozin 10mg on ketogenesis. Participants were in an insulinopenic state. Researchers measured plasma and urine levels of ketone bodies (beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate). Additionally, plasma levels of free fatty acids, glucagon, and inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, IL-6, IL-1) were assessed before and after administration of liraglutide or placebo to characterize metabolic and inflammatory responses.