Semaglutide: A Comprehensive Review of Efficacy and Safety for Non-Diabetic Weight Loss

The global prevalence of obesity continues to rise, posing significant public health challenges and increasing the risk of numerous comorbidities like cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. While lifestyle interventions are foundational, pharmacological treatments are often necessary for sustained weight management. This narrative review addresses the comprehensive understanding of Semaglutide's role in weight loss for adults without diabetes, synthesizing its efficacy, safety, and practical considerations from existing literature.

The review consistently highlighted that studies on Semaglutide demonstrated significant and sustained weight loss in non-diabetic adults. Across the analyzed literature, patients treated with Semaglutide at the 2.4 mg weekly dose achieved an average body weight reduction of 15% to 17% over 68 weeks, significantly outperforming placebo groups which typically saw 2% to 3% weight loss (p<0.001). > The most impactful finding was the sustained and clinically meaningful weight reduction observed, with over one-third of participants achieving 20% or more body weight loss, indicating profound efficacy. Furthermore, the review noted improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, including reductions in blood pressure and lipid levels, alongside the weight loss.