GLP-1 Agonists Show Promise for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Treatment

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder affecting 5-10% of women of reproductive age, characterized by hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and metabolic dysfunction. Current treatments often address symptoms individually, but a comprehensive approach targeting underlying mechanisms is needed. This scoping review aimed to synthesize existing evidence on the efficacy of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in managing various aspects of PCOS.

The review found that GLP-1 receptor agonists consistently demonstrated significant improvements across several key markers in PCOS patients within the analyzed literature. Studies reported a substantial reduction in body weight, with an average weight loss ranging from 5% to 10% over treatment periods of 6 to 12 months. Insulin sensitivity also improved markedly, evidenced by a 20-30% decrease in HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) scores. > The most impactful finding was the consistent improvement in menstrual cycle regularity in 30-40% of patients and a significant reduction in androgen levels, directly addressing core PCOS symptoms. Furthermore, the literature indicated that 25-35% of patients experienced improved ovulation rates, and a 20-25% decrease in hirsutism (excessive hair growth) scores was observed. These benefits were seen across various GLP-1 agonists, with liraglutide and semaglutide being the most frequently studied compounds.